These companies filed suit, claiming that the law violated the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Other packing companies were required to pay a fee for using the slaughterhouses. The case involved a Louisiana state law that gave one meat company the exclusive right to slaughter livestock in New Orleans. The Supreme Court has narrowly construed the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment since the 1873 Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. government the right to have access to federal courts and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus. seaports the right to transact business with and engage in administering the functions of the U.S. citizenship that cannot be unreasonably abridged by state laws include the right to travel from state to state the right to vote for federal officeholders the right to enter public lands the right to petition Congress to redress grievances the right to inform the national government of a violation of its laws the right to receive protection from violence when in federal custody the right to have free access to U.S. The clause states, "No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States." This clause protects a person's rights as a citizen of the United States from unreasonable State Action or interference. The Fourteenth Amendment's Privileges and Immunities Clause has virtually no significance in Civil Rights law. The due process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment are commonly applied to determine the validity of state laws that unjustly discriminate between residents and nonresidents of a state. However, the Supreme Court has rarely used the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV to invalidate discriminatory laws. 2d 397 (1978), the Court ruled that the state of Alaska failed to show a reasonable purpose for a state law that required employers to give a hiring preference to in-state residents who applied to work on the construction of oil or gas pipelines. The Supreme Court has struck down state laws that infringed rights guaranteed by the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV. ![]() Such discrepancies are generally accepted as justifiable because they advance legitimate state interests. Out-of-state residents are charged more for hunting and fishing licenses than are in-state residents. Tuition rates at public Colleges and Universities are typically lower for in-state students. Out-of-state doctors, lawyers, and other professionals may be required to prove their competency based on standards that are higher than those applied to their in-state counterparts. As a result, the Privileges and Immunities Clause does not bar differential state standards governing the practice of certain professions. Yet the Supreme Court has never interpreted it to preclude all deferential treatment of in-state citizens. This clause forbids a state from unjustly depriving citizens from other states of any rights derived from state citizenship solely on the basis of nonresidence. The privileges and immunities that are protected under Article IV include the right to receive protection from state government the right to acquire and possess all kinds of property the right to travel through or reside in any state for purposes of trade, agriculture, or professional endeavors the right to claim the benefit of the writ of Habeas Corpus the right to sue and defend actions in court and the right to receive the same tax treatment as that of the citizens of the taxing state. Supreme Court.Īrticle IV provides that "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities in the several states." The purpose of the clause was to facilitate the unification of the independent states into one nation so that citizens traveling throughout the country would receive the same treatment as the citizens of the states through which they passed. In large part the insignificance of the clauses has been based on restrictive readings of the clauses by the U.S. ![]() These clauses have proven to be of little import because other constitutional provisions have been used to settle controversies. ![]() Aliens and corporations are not citizens and, therefore, are not entitled to this protection. Both clauses apply only to citizens of the United States. Constitution and the Fourteenth Amendment. The Privileges and Immunities Clauses are found in Article IV of the U.S. Constitution that place the citizens of each state on an equal basis with citizens of other states in respect to advantages resulting from citizenship in those states and citizenship in the United States.
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